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Extreme Freezing Bacteria SciFair Projects 7th GradersFind out What are the effects of extreme freezing with bacteria scifair projects for 7th graders?.
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Science Fair Projects Ideas & Experiments :: BiochemistryWinning science fair projects are revealed...
RESEARCH REPORTBacteria
Bacteria are one-celled organisms that exist almost everywhere. They exist in water, soil, air, even the human body. There are bacteria inside you, there are bacteria around you. Bacteria are so small, they measure about 0. 3 to 2. 0 microns (1 Micron=0. 001 millimeter. ) Scientist classify bacteria as prokaryotes. Some bacteria are scrounging which means parasitic. They cause diseases by producing poisons called toxins. Others are either harmless or even helpful. There are many types of bacteria. Here are a few examples of commonly known bacteria. Cocci, are round looking bacteria, Bacilli, which are rod shaped bacteria, Vibrios, which look like bent rods, and Spirilla, are like spiral- shaped bacteria.Eschericha Coli
E. coli is the abbreviated name of the bacterium in the Family Enterobacteriaceae named Escherichia coli. “Approximately 0.1% of the total bacteria within an adult's intestines (on a Western diet) is represented by E. coli.” The name Escherichia comes from the name of the person called Escherich, who in 1885 first isolated and characterized this bacterium. There is also a special type of bacteria called Eschericha Coli 0157:H7. Eschericha coli O157:H7 is one of hundreds of strains of the bacterium Escherichia coli. Although most strains of Eschericha Coli are harmless and live in the intestines of healthy humans and animals. But Eschericha Coli 0157:H7 can also produce a powerful toxin and can cause severe illness. If one eats uncooked meat or unpasteurized milk, it can cause stuff such as bloody diarrhea.Staphylococcus Aureus
Staphylococcus aureus, often called staph, are bacteria commonly carried on the skin or in the nose of healthy people. Once in a while, staph can cause an infection; staph bacteria are one of the most common causes of skin infections in the United States. Most of these infections are minor and most can be treated without antibiotics. However, staph bacteria can also cause serious infections. “In the past, most serious staph bacteria infections were treated with a certain type of antibiotic related to penicillin.” Over the past 50 years, treatment of these infections has become more difficult because staph bacteria have become resistant to various antibiotics.Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an aerobic rod belonging to the bacterial family Pseudomonadaceae. “The family includes other genera, which, together with certain other organisms, constitute the bacteria informally known as pseudomonads.” These bacteria are common inhabitants of soil and water. They occur regularly on the surfaces of plants and occasionally on the surfaces of animals. Streptococcus Agalactiae
Streptococcus agalactiae is a bacterium colonizing the intestinal area of an important proportion of the human population. However, it is also a pathogen, which is the leading cause of invasive infections in neonates and causes septicaemia, meningitis and pneumonia. “Fifty-five per cent of the predicted genes have an ortholog in the Streptococcus pyogenes genome, representing a conserved backbone between these two streptococci.” Heat
The heat of an object is the total kinetic energy of its molecules, while the temperature of the object is the measurement of the average energy of its molecules. “The Molecular Theory of Matter gives an explanation of heat and temperature.” Specific heat is a way to compare heat from different materials. Heat energy can cause expansion in many materials. Humans need heat for many reasons, such as cooking food and use it to warm up. Heat of an object is the total kinetic energy of its molecules. The Molecular Theory of Matter shows when molecules have more energy, they move faster. Specific heat is a way to compare heat from different materials. Heat can cause expansion in many materials.Freezing
The freezing point of something is the temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a solid. The freezing points of different substances vary depending on what it is. The freezing point of water is around 32˚F. However the freezing point of mercury freezes at –38.87∞C. The freezing point of any substance depends on the pressure pushing against it. The freezing point of most liquids can be lowered by adding another substance. A great increase of pressure can affect the freezing point of substances such as antimony, bismuth, and water.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank the following people for helping make my project possible:
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