What is Smog?

Smog is largely composed of ozone, a naturally-occurring gas that is generated by increased sunlight and higher temperatures. Although ozone high in the atmosphere serves as a protective layer against harmful UV radiation, ground-level ozone is dangerous to humans. Artificial sources such as vehicle emissions and factory smokestacks greatly increase the number of ozone-producing compounds in the environment, which is why large cities experience significantly higher concentrations of smog than other areas.

How Smog Affects the Human Body

The harmful effects of smog on the human body are numerous, and prolonged exposure to high concentrations can be as dangerous as cigarette smoking. The gases and particulates composing smog can cause immediate effects such as eye and throat irritation, breathing trouble and chest pain. Long-term effects include respiratory infections, heart disease, and even lung cancer, which are the same risks associated with smoking. Infants, the elderly, and those with chronic breathing problems such as asthma are more likely to suffer from these effects.

Smog and Climate Change

Not only does smog cause direct damage to the body, but it has also been linked to global warming. In 2008, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency published a study revealing that the higher temperatures produced by greenhouse gases will lead to longer periods of dangerous smog levels. This has led global warming watchdog groups such as Clean Air Watch to pressure the U.S. government into adopting more stringent regulations on vehicle and industrial emissions. Global warming is also linked to other effects hazardous to humans, such as heat stroke and food supply shortages.

Tips to Protect Against the Harmful Effects of Smog

When it comes to protecting yourself from the effects of smog, respiratory care experts recommend the following tips: First of all, you should check air quality reports every day from local news sources and avoid heavy physical exertion during smog alerts. If you are elderly or have chronic breathing problems, you should try to stay indoors if possible. If you need to go outside, try to leave early in the morning, as ozone levels increase with rising temperatures. Lastly, you should make sure that your heater and air conditioner are fitted with filters designed to reduce indoor smog levels.

How to Contribute to Smog Prevention

Protecting yourself from smog is not the only way to engage in proper respiratory care, as prevention contributes to healthier air quality for everyone. By reducing your dependence on fossil fuels for transportation, electricity and heating, you can directly reduce the amount of smog in your community. Showing your financial and political support for green technology and clean air regulations will also help ensure that the air in your environment remains breathable for future generations.

Brandi Tolleson is a freelance writer who just earned her Masters Degree from a Local State College.

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